Hund's Rule-Like Behavior among Humans!

Rule Learning in Humans and Animals

In recent years, artificial language learning experiments have revealed a rich and complex picture of the abilities of different species and different human age groups to discover simple patterns in sequences. In one influential study, Aslin et al. (1998) show that human infants use transitional probabilities (TP's), and not just co-occurrence frequencies, between adjacent syllables in a monoto...

A Connectionist Single-Mechanism Account of Rule-Like Behavior in Infancy

One of the most controversial issues in cognitive science pertains to whether rules are necessary to explain complex behavior. And nowhere has the debate over rules been more heated than within the field of language acquisition. Most researchers agree on the need for statistical learning mechanisms in language acquisition, but disagree on whether rulelearning components are also needed. Marcus,...

Multiple-Cue Integration in Language Acquisition: A Connectionist Model of Speech Segmentation and Rule-like Behavior

Toll-like receptors in humans

The innate immune system senses invading microorganisms by a phylogenetically conserved family of proteins PRRs of which TLRs are ones of the most important. There are at least 10 different TLRs in humans and 11 in mice. They have in the course of evolution specialized for the recognition of conserved structures among microorganisms called PAMPs. Activation of TLRs results in induction of innat...

Explaining altruistic behavior in humans

Recent experimental research has revealed forms of human behavior involving interaction among unrelated individuals that have proven difficult to explain in terms of kin or reciprocal altruism. One such trait, strong reciprocity is a predisposition to cooperate with others and to punish those who violate the norms of cooperation, at personal cost, even when it is implausible to expect that thes...